Field application of a novel active-passive sampling technique for the simultaneous measurement of a wide range of contaminants in water

A first test of the field capabilities a novel in situ sampling technique combining active and passive (APS) was conducted sea. The proof-of-concept device uses pump to draw water into diffusion cell where dissolved target substances are accumulated onto sorbents which selective for different classes contaminants (i.e., metal cations, polar non-polar organic compounds), simultaneously. controlled laminar flow established enables measurements contaminant concentrations that fully independent from hydrodynamic conditions bulk solution. APS were consistent with those obtained using conventional techniques such as diffusive gradients thin films (o-DGT) silicone rubber (SR) samplers (generally < 40% difference), taking account prevailing conditions. use performance reference compounds (PRC) hydrophobic provided additional information. Field ions seawater showed large variability due issues related configuration. An improved set-up deployed supplementary freshwater mesocosm experiments speciation data (DGT), Overall, results indicate provides promising approach determination wide range simultaneously, independently